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For example, when the engine is started, the battery separator monitors the voltages of the main battery, the auxiliary battery, and the charging system voltages. While battery isolators are relatively simple devices, battery separators (sometimes called “smart battery isolators”) are more complex and perform several functions. Smart battery isolators, also called battery separators, using relays are more flexible than diode-based general purpose isolators. If a common diode-based isolator is used, lower system efficiencies result from the diode drop added to the circuit between the charging power source and the batteries. Isolating the batteries prevents a weak or dead battery (usually the auxiliary battery) from draining charge from a strong battery (often the primary battery). This supports simultaneously charging more than one battery from a single alternator or other power sources without connecting the batteries in parallel. There are system performance tradeoffs between battery separators and battery isolators and between various implementations of battery isolators.Ī battery isolator is used to separate the DC bus into multiple (isolated) branches and only allow current flow in one direction in each branch. Adding a second battery system for auxiliary loads can resolve that concern, but it must be properly wired into the vehicle’s electrical system. If a single battery system is used, the battery can become drained when the engine is off, and auxiliary loads are drawing power, resulting in an inability to start the engine. Disconnecting the two allows the separator to prioritize the charging of the batteries.

On the other hand, battery separators are designed to protect the charging system from excessive electrical loads by separating (disconnecting) the main and auxiliary batteries from one another. Battery isolators are designed to prevent auxiliary batteries from draining the main battery. Battery cell isolators and battery cell separators are used to control current flow in multi-battery systems in a range of vehicles, including recreational vehicles, boats, utility vehicles, airplanes, large trucks, and off-road vehicles that accommodate auxiliary loads and high current loads such as a recovery winch.